Census 2011

	2001		2011
Decadal Population Growth	21.54 %		17.64 %	Lowest (if 1911-1921 is excluded)
literacy rate	64.83 %		74.04 %
Literacy rate Male	75.26 %		82.14 %
Literacy rate Female	53.67 %		65.46 %
sex ratio(per 1000 males)	932.81		940.27	Due to natural longevity of women and improvements in health care over the years
Sex ratio ( 0-6 years age group)	927.31		914.23	continually declining since 1961. This time is the worst . deadly application of the ‘son preference' on a growing scale — through the instrumentality of sex-selective abortion, or female foeticide. Attempts to tackle female foeticide through bans on sex-determination tests imposed by the Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Regulation and Prevention of Misuse) Act have been largely ineffective.

After reorganization of the state, first census was conducted in the year 1961. Census 2011 is the sixth census of the state in this continuous series.

the population census is a Union subject (Article 246)

1.21 billion, an increase of more than 181 million during 2001-11,

CENSUS OF INDIA - FIGURES AT A GLANCE:

POPULATION		Persons	1,21,01,93,422
		Males	62,37,24,248
		Females	58,64,69,174
DECADAL POPULATION GROWTH 2001-2011			Absolute	Percentage
		Persons	18,14,55,986	17.64
		Males	9,15,01,158	17.19
		Females	8,99,54,828	18.12
DENSITY OF POPULATION (per sq. km.)			382
SEX RATIO (females per 1000 males)			940
POPULATION IN THE AGE GROUP 0-6			Absolute	Percentage to total population
	Persons		15,87,89,287	13.12
	Males		8,29,52,135	13.30
	Females		7,58,37,152	12.93
LITERATE			Absolute	Literacy rate
	Persons		77,84,54,120	74.04
	Males		44,42,03,762	82.14
	Females		33,42,50,358	65.46

Map 4

Population, 2001 (States/Union Territories)

Map 5

Population, 2011 (States/Union Territories)

Figure 1

India in World Population

Statement 1

Population of selected countries

Sl. No	Country	Reference date	Population (In millions)	Decadal change (in %)
1	China	01.11.2010	1,341.0	5.43
2	India	01.03 2011	1,210.2	17.64
3	U.S.A	01.04.2010	308.7	7.26
4	Indonesia	31.05.2010	237.6	15.05
5	Brazil	01.08.2010	190.7	9.39
6	Pakistan	01.07.2010	184.8	24.78
7	Bangladesh	01.07.2010	164.4	16.76
8	Nigeria	01.07.2010	158.3	26.84
9	Russian Fed.	01.07.2010	140.4	-4.29
10	Japan	01.10.2010	128.1	1.1
	Other Countries	01.07.2010	2,844.7	15.43
	World	01.07.2010	6,908.7	12.97

Figure 5

Population share of States and Union Territories, India: 2011

Statement 3

Ranking of States and Union Territories by population: 2001 and 2011

Rank In 2011	India/State/Union Territory#	Population 2011	Percent to total population of India		Rank in 2001
			2011	2001
1	2	3	4	5	6
	INDIA	1,210,193,422	100	100
1	Uttar Pradesh	199,581,477	16.49	16.16	1
2	Maharashtra	112,372,972	9.29	9.42	2
3	Bihar	103,804,637	8.58	8.07	3
4	West Bengal	91,347,736	7.55	7.79	4
5	Andhra Pradesh	84,665,533	7.00	7.41	5
6	Madhya Pradesh	72,597,565	6.00	5.87	7
7	Tamil Nadu	72,138,958	5.96	6.07	6
8	Rajasthan	68,621,012	5.67	5.49	8
9	Karnataka	61,130,704	5.05	5.14	9
10	Gujarat	60,383,628	4.99	4.93	10
11	Orissa	41,947,358	3.47	3.58	11
12	Kerala	33,387,677	2.76	3.10	12
13	Jharkhand	32,966,238	2.72	2.62	13
14	Assam	31,169,272	2.58	2.59	14
15	Punjab	27,704,236	2.29	2.37	15
16	Chhattisgarh	25,540,196	2.11	2.03	17
17	Haryana	25,353,081	2.09	2.06	16
18	NCT of Delhi#	16,753,235	1.38	1.35	18
19	Jammu & Kashmir	12,548,926	1.04	0.99	19
20	Uttarakhand	10,116,752	0.84	0.83	20
21	Himachal Pradesh	6,856,509	0.57	0.59	21
22	Tripura	3,671,032	0.30	0.31	22
23	Meghalaya	2,964,007	0.24	0.23	23
24	Manipur	2,721,756	0.22	0.22	24
25	Nagaland	1,980,602	0.16	0.19	25
26	Goa	1,457,723	0.12	0.13	26
27	Arunachal Pradesh	1,382,611	0.11	0.11	27
28	Puducherry#	1,244,464	0.10	0.09	28
29	Mizoram	1,091,014	0.09	0.09	30
30	Chandigarh#	1,054,686	0.09	0.09	29
31	Sikkim	607,688	0.05	0.05	31
32	Andaman & Nicobar Islands#	379,944	0.03	0.03	32
33	Dadra & Nagar Haveli#	342,853	0.03	0.03	33
34	Daman & Diu#	242,911	0.02	0.02	34
35	Lakshadweep#	64,429	0.01	0.01	35

Sex ratio of selected countries

Source

1. 2001-World Population Prospects (mid year estimates) 1998 2. 2011-World Population Prospects 2008 revision UN. Rates have been worked out for India based on the provisional Census 2011 and those of Indonesia and Brazil on 2010 round of Census

Figure 17

Trends of sex ratio in ten most populous countries: 2001 – 2011

The situation in the immediate neighbourhood of India reveals a mixed picture. Myanmar (1048), Sri Lanka (1034) and Nepal (1014) have more females in their populations whereas in all other countries the sex ratio shows male domination.

TRENDS IN SEX RATIO IN INDIA - AN OVER VIEW

The sex ratio in India has been historically negative or in other words, unfavourable to females. A look at the Figure 18 reveals that in the pre-independence period, the sex ratio declined consistently up to 1951 when it rose marginally (Statement-12). In the post-independence period, the trend continued and the sex ratio slipped down for two consecutive decades after 1951 to reach 930 in 1971. During 1961-71 a steep fall of 11 points was seen in the sex ratio.

Figure 18

Sex ratio in India: 1901-2011

Statement 12

Sex ratio, India: 1901-2011

Note: Please see notes behind Figures at a Glance.

After 1971 Census, trends were not consistent, showing increase in one decade and decline in the next. However, it was hovering around 930. The sex ratio as per provisional results is the highest since 1971 and a shade below the level of 1961.

Map 10

Sex Ratio, 2001 (States/Union Territories)

Map 11

Sex Ratio, 2011 (States/Union Territories)

Figure 19